Context 1: When WW-I erupted in Europe between the Allied (Britain, France and Russia) and Central
powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire), the major aims of
the allies was to end jingoistic nationalism and imperialism espoused internally within the
central powers.
Given that it had taken a neutral stance, the US was one of the biggest beneficiaries of
WW1 as it was supplying weapons to both the Allies and the central powers. Due to the
convenience of non-participation and economic prosperity, most Americans held on to the
belief that they shouldn’t enter ‘somebody else’s war’.
In the initial stages of WW2, the 28th U.S. president, Woodrow Wilson continued to pledge
neutrality. As tensions heightened, Germany attempted to isolate Britain in 1915 and
announced attacks on food ships from USA supplying food to the UK. In early April 1917,
with the toll of sunken U.S. merchant ships rising, Wilson asked Congress for “a war to end
all wars” that would “make the world safe for democracy.”
Context 2: To generate public approval of the war, the idea for Committee on Public
Information, headed by George Creel (Creel Committee), came into existence. It
planned on using every medium available to create enthusiasm for the war effort
and to enlist public support against foreign and domestic attempts aimed at
stopping American participation in the war.
The CPI produced and distributed innumerable copies of pamphlets, newspaper
releases, magazine advertisements, films and school campaigns. Their effectively
planned propaganda involved strategies like the creation of sensationalist and
highly nationalistic posters which would appear in every store window to not only
influence public support but also to get to civilians listed in service.6